{"id":27960,"date":"2025-10-14T02:40:32","date_gmt":"2025-10-14T02:40:32","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/hosteko.com\/blog\/?p=27960"},"modified":"2025-10-14T02:40:32","modified_gmt":"2025-10-14T02:40:32","slug":"panduan-lengkap-konfigurasi-bind9-sebagai-dns-server-di-linux","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/hosteko.com\/blog\/panduan-lengkap-konfigurasi-bind9-sebagai-dns-server-di-linux","title":{"rendered":"Panduan Lengkap Konfigurasi Bind9 sebagai DNS Server di Linux"},"content":{"rendered":"

Berkeley Internet Name Domain yang dikenal dengan sebutan BIND merupakan sebuah implementasi open source dari DNS yang tersedia untuk sistem operasi Linux. <\/span> Dalam panduan ini, kami akan memberikan penjelasan mengenai Bind9 dan cara pengaturannya sebagai server DNS pada VPS yang menggunakan Linux. <\/span> Namun sebelum membahas langkah-langkah konfigurasinya, kami akan membahas secara singkat mengenai apa itu Bind9. Yuk simak artikel ini sampai selesai ya!<\/span><\/p>\n

\n

Definisi Bind9<\/span><\/h2>\n

Berkeley Internet Name Domain yang dikenal dengan sebutan BIND merupakan sebuah implementasi open source dari DNS yang tersedia untuk sistem operasi Linux. <\/span> Dalam panduan ini, kami akan memberikan penjelasan mengenai Bind9 dan cara pengaturannya sebagai server DNS pada VPS yang menggunakan Linux. <\/span> Namun sebelum membahas langkah-langkah konfigurasinya, kami akan membahas secara singkat mengenai apa itu Bind9 serta keuntungannya. <\/span><\/p>\n

Definisi DNS Server<\/span><\/h2>\n

Server DNS adalah sebuah sistem yang mengonversi nama domain ke dalam bentuk alamat IP, sehingga suatu domain bisa diakses melalui server yang ada. <\/span> Sebagai contoh sederhana penggunaan server DNS adalah ketika Anda ingin membuka situs web seperti Google. <\/span> Dengan konfigurasi server DNS, Anda tinggal mengetikkan alamat google.com, alih-alih harus memasukkan alamat IP 216.239.38.120. <\/span> Hal ini sudah pasti akan mempermudah pengunjung dalam mengingat alamat situs web saat ingin mengaksesnya, dibandingkan harus mengingat rangkaian angka dari alamat IP. <\/span><\/p>\n

Instalasi Bind9<\/strong><\/h3>\n

Jalankan perintah berikut di terminal Linux (pastikan Anda memiliki hak akses root\/sudo):<\/p>\n

\n
\n
\n
<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
sudo apt update
\nsudo apt install bind9 bind9utils bind9-doc -y
\n<\/code><\/div>\n<\/div>\n

Setelah instalasi selesai, pastikan Bind9 berjalan:<\/p>\n

\n
\n
\n
<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
sudo systemctl status bind9
\n<\/code><\/div>\n<\/div>\n

Jika belum aktif, jalankan:<\/p>\n

\n
\n
\n
<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
sudo systemctl start bind9
\nsudo systemctl enable<\/span> bind9
\n<\/code><\/div>\n<\/div>\n

Struktur Direktori Utama Bind9<\/strong><\/h3>\n
\n
\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
Direktori\/File<\/th>\nKeterangan<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
\/etc\/bind\/named.conf<\/code><\/td>\nFile konfigurasi utama<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\/etc\/bind\/named.conf.options<\/code><\/td>\nKonfigurasi global (forwarders, DNS cache, dll)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\/etc\/bind\/named.conf.local<\/code><\/td>\nDaftar zona domain lokal<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\/var\/cache\/bind\/<\/code><\/td>\nLokasi cache DNS<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\/etc\/bind\/db.local<\/code><\/td>\nContoh file zona untuk localhost<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\/etc\/bind\/db.127<\/code><\/td>\nZona reverse untuk 127.0.0.1<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

Membuat Zona DNS<\/strong><\/h3>\n

Misalnya Anda ingin membuat DNS untuk domain:<\/p>\n

\n
\n
\n
<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
example.com
\n<\/code><\/div>\n<\/div>\n

dengan IP server:<\/p>\n

\n
\n
\n
<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
192.168.1.10
\n<\/code><\/div>\n<\/div>\n

Langkah 1: Edit file zona lokal<\/h4>\n

Buka file:<\/p>\n

\n
\n
\n
<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
sudo nano \/etc\/bind\/named.conf.local
\n<\/code><\/div>\n<\/div>\n

Tambahkan konfigurasi berikut:<\/p>\n

\n
\n
\n
<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
zone \"example.com\"<\/span> {
\n type<\/span> master;
\n file \"\/etc\/bind\/db.example.com\"<\/span>;
\n};<\/p>\n

zone \"1.168.192.in-addr.arpa\"<\/span> {
\n type<\/span> master;
\n file \"\/etc\/bind\/db.192\"<\/span>;
\n};
\n<\/code><\/div>\n<\/div>\n

Langkah 2: Buat file zona example.com<\/code><\/h4>\n

Salin template bawaan:<\/p>\n

\n
\n
\n
<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
sudo cp<\/span> \/etc\/bind\/db.local \/etc\/bind\/db.example.com
\n<\/code><\/div>\n<\/div>\n

Edit file:<\/p>\n

\n
\n
\n
<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
sudo nano \/etc\/bind\/db.example.com
\n<\/code><\/div>\n<\/div>\n

Isi dengan:<\/p>\n

\n
\n
\n
<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
$TTL<\/span> 604800
\n@ IN SOA ns1.example.com. admin.example.com. (
\n 2 ; Serial
\n 604800 ; Refresh
\n 86400 ; Retry
\n 2419200 ; Expire
\n 604800 ) ; Negative Cache TTL<\/p>\n

; Name Server
\n@ IN NS ns1.example.com.<\/p>\n

; A Record
\nns1 IN A 192.168.1.10
\n@ IN A 192.168.1.10
\nwww IN A 192.168.1.10
\nmail IN A 192.168.1.10<\/p>\n

; MX Record
\n@ IN MX 10 mail.example.com.
\n<\/code><\/div>\n<\/div>\n

Langkah 3: Buat file zona reverse (db.192<\/code>)<\/h4>\n
\n
\n
\n
<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
sudo cp<\/span> \/etc\/bind\/db.127 \/etc\/bind\/db.192
\nsudo nano \/etc\/bind\/db.192
\n<\/code><\/div>\n<\/div>\n

Isi dengan:<\/p>\n

\n
\n
\n
<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
$TTL<\/span> 604800
\n@ IN SOA ns1.example.com. admin.example.com. (
\n 2
\n 604800
\n 86400
\n 2419200
\n 604800 )<\/p>\n

@ IN NS ns1.example.com.
\n10 IN PTR example.com.
\n<\/code><\/div>\n<\/div>\n

Konfigurasi Forwarder (DNS Luar)<\/strong><\/h3>\n

Edit file:<\/p>\n

\n
\n
\n
<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
sudo nano \/etc\/bind\/named.conf.options
\n<\/code><\/div>\n<\/div>\n

Cari dan ubah bagian:<\/p>\n

\n
\n
\n
<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
forwarders {
\n 8.8.8.8;
\n 8.8.4.4;
\n};
\n<\/code><\/div>\n<\/div>\n

Pastikan juga dnssec-validation<\/code> diset ke auto<\/code> dan listen-on<\/code> menggunakan any;<\/code> agar bisa diakses dari luar:<\/p>\n

\n
\n
\n
<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
listen-on { any; };
\nlisten-on-v6 { any; };
\n<\/code><\/div>\n<\/div>\n

Uji Konfigurasi<\/strong><\/h3>\n

Periksa apakah konfigurasi sudah benar:<\/p>\n

\n
\n
\n
<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
sudo named-checkconf
\nsudo named-checkzone example.com \/etc\/bind\/db.example.com
\nsudo named-checkzone 1.168.192.in-addr.arpa \/etc\/bind\/db.192
\n<\/code><\/div>\n<\/div>\n

Jika hasilnya OK<\/strong>, restart Bind9:<\/p>\n

\n
\n
\n
<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
sudo systemctl restart bind9
\n<\/code><\/div>\n<\/div>\n

Tes DNS Server<\/strong><\/h3>\n

Dari server lokal:<\/p>\n

\n
\n
\n
<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
dig @localhost example.com
\ndig @localhost www.example.com
\ndig -x 192.168.1.10
\n<\/code><\/div>\n<\/div>\n

Jika DNS berfungsi, maka akan muncul jawaban (ANSWER SECTION) yang berisi IP atau domain yang benar.<\/p>\n

Tambahan Opsional<\/strong><\/h3>\n
    \n
  • \n

    Izinkan klien di jaringan lokal menggunakan DNS ini<\/strong><\/p>\n

    Edit \/etc\/bind\/named.conf.options<\/code>:<\/p>\n

    \n
    \n
    \n
    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
    allow-query { any; };
    \n<\/code><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/li>\n
  • \n

    Firewall<\/strong>
    \nPastikan port 53<\/strong> (TCP dan UDP) terbuka:<\/p>\n

    \n
    \n
    \n
    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
    sudo ufw allow 53
    \nsudo ufw reload
    \n<\/code><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n\n\n
    \n \n
    \n \n
    \n
    \n \n\n
    <\/div>\n <\/div>\n
    \n \n\n
    <\/div>\n <\/div>\n
    \n \n\n
    <\/div>\n <\/div>\n
    \n \n\n
    <\/div>\n <\/div>\n
    \n \n\n
    <\/div>\n <\/div>\n <\/div>\n \n
    \n
    \n \n\n
    <\/div>\n <\/div>\n
    \n \n\n
    <\/div>\n <\/div>\n
    \n \n\n
    <\/div>\n <\/div>\n
    \n \n\n
    <\/div>\n <\/div>\n
    \n \n\n
    <\/div>\n <\/div>\n <\/div>\n<\/div>\n \n\n
    \n 5\/5 - (1 vote) <\/div>\n <\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

    Berkeley Internet Name Domain yang dikenal dengan sebutan BIND merupakan sebuah implementasi open source dari DNS yang tersedia untuk sistem operasi Linux. Dalam panduan ini, kami akan memberikan penjelasan mengenai Bind9 dan cara pengaturannya sebagai server DNS pada VPS yang menggunakan Linux. Namun sebelum membahas langkah-langkah konfigurasinya, kami akan membahas secara singkat mengenai apa itu […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":13,"featured_media":27963,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"rop_custom_images_group":[],"rop_custom_messages_group":[],"rop_publish_now":"no","rop_publish_now_accounts":{"twitter_2392824914_2392824914":""},"rop_publish_now_history":[{"account":"twitter_2392824914_2392824914","service":"twitter","timestamp":1760409648,"status":"error"}],"rop_publish_now_status":"done","_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_publicize_message":"","jetpack_publicize_feature_enabled":true,"jetpack_social_post_already_shared":true,"jetpack_social_options":{"image_generator_settings":{"template":"highway","default_image_id":0,"enabled":false},"version":2}},"categories":[3,100],"tags":[13296,13297,13299,13298,13300],"class_list":["post-27960","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-blog","category-domain","tag-bind9","tag-dnsserver","tag-konfigurasidns","tag-linuxserver","tag-struktur-direktori-utama-bind9"],"featured_image_src":{"landsacpe":["https:\/\/hosteko.com\/htk-blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/Tambahkan-judul50-1140x445.png",1140,445,true],"list":["https:\/\/hosteko.com\/htk-blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/Tambahkan-judul50-463x348.png",463,348,true],"medium":["https:\/\/hosteko.com\/htk-blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/Tambahkan-judul50-300x169.png",300,169,true],"full":["https:\/\/hosteko.com\/htk-blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/Tambahkan-judul50.png",1366,768,false]},"yoast_head":"\nPanduan Lengkap Konfigurasi Bind9 sebagai DNS Server di Linux - Hosteko Blog<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/hosteko.com\/blog\/panduan-lengkap-konfigurasi-bind9-sebagai-dns-server-di-linux\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Panduan Lengkap Konfigurasi Bind9 sebagai DNS Server di Linux - Hosteko Blog\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Berkeley Internet Name Domain yang dikenal dengan sebutan BIND merupakan sebuah implementasi open source dari DNS yang tersedia untuk sistem operasi Linux. Dalam panduan ini, kami akan memberikan penjelasan mengenai Bind9 dan cara pengaturannya sebagai server DNS pada VPS yang menggunakan Linux. 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