{"id":28062,"date":"2025-10-22T04:41:09","date_gmt":"2025-10-22T04:41:09","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/hosteko.com\/blog\/?p=28062"},"modified":"2025-10-22T04:41:09","modified_gmt":"2025-10-22T04:41:09","slug":"definisi-chmod-jenis-dan-cara-mengaturnya-di-cpanel","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/hosteko.com\/blog\/definisi-chmod-jenis-dan-cara-mengaturnya-di-cpanel","title":{"rendered":"Definisi CHMOD: Jenis dan Cara Mengaturnya di cPanel"},"content":{"rendered":"

Secara umum, chmod adalah perintah yang digunakan untuk mengatur izin pada file dan direktori. <\/span> Dalam panduan ini, kami akan menyampaikan informasi mengenai apa itu chmod hingga cara-cara untuk mengubah izin pada folder di server web berbasis Linux. <\/span><\/p>\n

\n

Pengertian CHMOD<\/span><\/h3>\n

CHMOD merupakan singkatan dari CHange MODe, atau dalam arti yang lebih sederhana berarti mengubah mode. <\/span> Mode di sini merujuk pada hak akses suatu file atau direktori dalam sistem operasi Linux. <\/span> Di dalam sistem operasi Linux, setiap file atau direktori memiliki hak akses spesifik. <\/span> Hak akses ini menetapkan batasan mengenai siapa yang dapat mengakses file atau direktori tersebut. <\/span> Akses terhadap sebuah file atau direktori dibedakan antara User, Group, dan Other. <\/span><\/p>\n

Jenis CHMOD<\/span><\/h3>\n

CHMOD digunakan untuk mengatur izin akses (permission) pada file dan folder di server. Setiap file atau folder memiliki tiga jenis pengguna yang bisa diatur izinnya, yaitu:<\/p>\n

1. User (Owner)<\/strong><\/h4>\n
    \n
  • \n

    Adalah pemilik utama dari file atau folder tersebut.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

  • \n

    Biasanya pengguna yang membuat file atau yang memiliki akun hosting.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

  • \n

    Dapat diberikan izin:<\/p>\n

      \n
    • \n

      Read (r)<\/strong> \u2013 Membaca isi file<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

    • \n

      Write (w)<\/strong> \u2013 Mengedit atau menghapus file.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

    • \n

      Execute (x)<\/strong> \u2013 Menjalankan file (biasanya untuk file script)<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

      Contoh:<\/strong>
      Jika izin untuk user adalah rw-<\/code>, berarti pemilik file boleh membaca dan menulis, tapi tidak bisa menjalankan file tersebut.<\/p>\n

      2. Group<\/strong><\/h4>\n
        \n
      • \n

        Merupakan grup pengguna lain yang memiliki hubungan dengan file tersebut (misalnya satu tim developer).<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

      • \n

        Biasanya memiliki akses lebih terbatas dibanding owner.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

        Contoh:<\/strong>
        Jika group diberi izin r--<\/code>, maka mereka hanya bisa membaca file, tidak bisa mengedit atau menjalankan.<\/p>\n

        3. Others (Public)<\/strong><\/h4>\n
          \n
        • \n

          Pengguna umum yang tidak termasuk dalam kategori owner atau group.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

        • \n

          Biasanya ini adalah pengunjung website atau pihak luar.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

        • \n

          Demi keamanan, sebaiknya aksesnya dibatasi (hanya read<\/em> saja).<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

          Contoh:<\/strong>
          Jika others memiliki izin r--<\/code>, artinya publik hanya dapat membaca file, tidak bisa mengubahnya.<\/p>\n

          Jenis Akses CHMOD (Tipe Permission)<\/strong><\/h3>\n
          \n
          \n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
          Jenis Akses<\/strong><\/th>\nSimbol Huruf<\/strong><\/th>\nNilai Angka (Oktal)<\/strong><\/th>\nKeterangan<\/strong><\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
          Read<\/strong><\/td>\nr<\/td>\n4<\/td>\nMembaca file atau melihat isi folder<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
          Write<\/strong><\/td>\nw<\/td>\n2<\/td>\nMengedit, menambah, atau menghapus file<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
          Execute<\/strong><\/td>\nx<\/td>\n1<\/td>\nMenjalankan file (script, program)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
          Tidak Ada Akses<\/strong><\/td>\n–<\/td>\n0<\/td>\nTidak memiliki izin sama sekali<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

          Perintah CHMOD di cPanel<\/span><\/h3>\n

          Anda dapat mengubah permission pada folder atau file di cPanel melalui dua cara, yaitu secara manual pada halaman File manager atau melalui perintah SSH. Berikut penjelasan kedua caranya.<\/p>\n

          1. Melalui File Manager (Cara Manual)<\/strong><\/h4>\n

          Cara ini paling mudah karena bisa dilakukan langsung lewat tampilan cPanel tanpa mengetik perintah.<\/p>\n

          Langkah-langkah:<\/strong><\/h4>\n
            \n
          1. \n

            Login ke cPanel<\/strong>
            Masuk ke akun cPanel melalui namadomain.com\/cpanel<\/code>.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

          2. \n

            Buka Menu \u201cFile Manager\u201d<\/strong>
            Pilih menu File Manager<\/strong> di bagian Files<\/em>.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

          3. \n

            Temukan File atau Folder yang Akan Diubah<\/strong>
            Arahkan ke direktori seperti public_html<\/code> atau folder lainnya.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

          4. \n

            Klik Kanan pada File\/Folder \u2192 Pilih \u201cChange Permissions\u201d\u00a0<\/strong>
            Akan muncul kotak dialog berisi opsi izin:<\/p>\n

              \n
            • \n

              Read (r)<\/strong> \u2192 membaca<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

            • \n

              Write (w)<\/strong> \u2192 menulis<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

            • \n

              Execute (x)<\/strong> \u2192 menjalankan<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n

            • \n

              Atur Izin Sesuai Kebutuhan<\/strong>
              Misalnya:<\/p>\n

                \n
              • \n

                File biasa \u2192 644<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/li>\n

              • \n

                Folder \u2192 755<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n

              • \n

                Klik \u201cChange Permissions\u201d untuk menyimpan perubahan.<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

                2. Melalui Perintah SSH (Command Line)<\/strong><\/h4>\n

                Cara ini digunakan jika kamu memiliki akses root atau SSH ke server hosting, biasanya pada VPS atau dedicated server.<\/p>\n

                Langkah-langkah:<\/strong><\/h4>\n
                  \n
                1. \n

                  Login ke Server via SSH<\/strong>
                  Gunakan aplikasi seperti PuTTY<\/em> atau Terminal<\/em>.<\/p>\n

                  \n
                  \n
                  \n
                  <\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
                  ssh<\/span> username@namadomain<\/span>.com
                  \n<\/code><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/li>\n
                2. \n

                  Masuk ke Direktori yang Diinginkan<\/strong><\/p>\n

                  \n
                  \n
                  \n
                  <\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
                  cd<\/span> public_html
                  \n<\/code><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/li>\n
                3. \n

                  Gunakan Perintah CHMOD<\/strong>
                  \nFormat dasarnya:<\/p>\n

                  \n
                  \n
                  \n
                  <\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
                  chmod<\/span> [kode_permission] [nama_file\/folder]
                  \n<\/code><\/div>\n<\/div>\n

                  Contoh:<\/strong><\/p>\n

                    \n
                  • \n

                    Mengatur file menjadi 644<\/p>\n

                    \n
                    \n
                    \n
                    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
                    chmod<\/span> 644 index.php
                    \n<\/code><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/li>\n
                  • \n

                    Mengatur folder menjadi 755<\/p>\n

                    \n
                    \n
                    \n
                    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
                    chmod<\/span> 755 images
                    \n<\/code><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/li>\n
                  • \n

                    Mengubah semua file di dalam folder sekaligus:<\/p>\n

                    \n
                    \n
                    \n
                    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
                    chmod<\/span> -R 755 public_html
                    \n<\/code><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n
                  • \n

                    Cek Perubahan Permission<\/strong>
                    \nGunakan perintah:<\/p>\n

                    \n
                    \n
                    \n
                    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
                    ls<\/span> -l
                    \n<\/code><\/div>\n<\/div>\n

                    untuk melihat daftar file beserta izin aksesnya.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

                    Tabel Singkat Nilai CHMOD Umum<\/strong><\/h3>\n
                    \n
                    \n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
                    Kode<\/strong><\/th>\nPemilik (Owner)<\/strong><\/th>\nGrup (Group)<\/strong><\/th>\nPublik (Other)<\/strong><\/th>\nDigunakan Untuk<\/strong><\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
                    644<\/strong><\/td>\nRead + Write<\/td>\nRead<\/td>\nRead<\/td>\nFile umum (PHP, HTML, CSS)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                    755<\/strong><\/td>\nRead + Write + Execute<\/td>\nRead + Execute<\/td>\nRead + Execute<\/td>\nFolder & Script<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                    700<\/strong><\/td>\nFull Access<\/td>\n–<\/td>\n–<\/td>\nFile pribadi (keamanan tinggi)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                    777<\/strong><\/td>\nFull Access<\/td>\nFull Access<\/td>\nFull Access<\/td>\nTidak disarankan (rawan diserang)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n
                    \n \n
                    \n \n
                    \n
                    \n \n\n
                    <\/div>\n <\/div>\n
                    \n \n\n
                    <\/div>\n <\/div>\n
                    \n \n\n
                    <\/div>\n <\/div>\n
                    \n \n\n
                    <\/div>\n <\/div>\n
                    \n \n\n
                    <\/div>\n <\/div>\n <\/div>\n \n
                    \n
                    \n \n\n
                    <\/div>\n <\/div>\n
                    \n \n\n
                    <\/div>\n <\/div>\n
                    \n \n\n
                    <\/div>\n <\/div>\n
                    \n \n\n
                    <\/div>\n <\/div>\n
                    \n \n\n
                    <\/div>\n <\/div>\n <\/div>\n<\/div>\n \n\n
                    \n 5\/5 - (1 vote) <\/div>\n <\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

                    Secara umum, chmod adalah perintah yang digunakan untuk mengatur izin pada file dan direktori. Dalam panduan ini, kami akan menyampaikan informasi mengenai apa itu chmod hingga cara-cara untuk mengubah izin pada folder di server web berbasis Linux. Pengertian CHMOD CHMOD merupakan singkatan dari CHange MODe, atau dalam arti yang lebih sederhana berarti mengubah mode. Mode […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":13,"featured_media":28063,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"rop_custom_images_group":[],"rop_custom_messages_group":[],"rop_publish_now":"no","rop_publish_now_accounts":{"twitter_2392824914_2392824914":""},"rop_publish_now_history":[{"account":"twitter_2392824914_2392824914","service":"twitter","timestamp":1761108084,"status":"error"}],"rop_publish_now_status":"done","_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_publicize_message":"","jetpack_publicize_feature_enabled":true,"jetpack_social_post_already_shared":true,"jetpack_social_options":{"image_generator_settings":{"template":"highway","default_image_id":0,"enabled":false},"version":2}},"categories":[3],"tags":[13377,13376,13375,13378,13379],"class_list":["post-28062","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-blog","tag-jenis-akses-chmod","tag-jenis-chmod","tag-pengertian-chmod","tag-perintah-chmod-di-cpanel","tag-tabel-singkat-nilai-chmod-umum"],"featured_image_src":{"landsacpe":["https:\/\/hosteko.com\/htk-blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/Desain-tanpa-judul238-1140x445.png",1140,445,true],"list":["https:\/\/hosteko.com\/htk-blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/Desain-tanpa-judul238-463x348.png",463,348,true],"medium":["https:\/\/hosteko.com\/htk-blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/Desain-tanpa-judul238-300x169.png",300,169,true],"full":["https:\/\/hosteko.com\/htk-blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/Desain-tanpa-judul238.png",1366,768,false]},"yoast_head":"\nDefinisi CHMOD: Jenis dan Cara Mengaturnya di cPanel - Hosteko Blog<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/hosteko.com\/blog\/definisi-chmod-jenis-dan-cara-mengaturnya-di-cpanel\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Definisi CHMOD: Jenis dan Cara Mengaturnya di cPanel - Hosteko Blog\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Secara umum, chmod adalah perintah yang digunakan untuk mengatur izin pada file dan direktori. Dalam panduan ini, kami akan menyampaikan informasi mengenai apa itu chmod hingga cara-cara untuk mengubah izin pada folder di server web berbasis Linux. Pengertian CHMOD CHMOD merupakan singkatan dari CHange MODe, atau dalam arti yang lebih sederhana berarti mengubah mode. 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Dalam panduan ini, kami akan menyampaikan informasi mengenai apa itu chmod hingga cara-cara untuk mengubah izin pada folder di server web berbasis Linux. Pengertian CHMOD CHMOD merupakan singkatan dari CHange MODe, atau dalam arti yang lebih sederhana berarti mengubah mode. 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